Killed by a Clown on This Day in History

This day in history: On this day (January 11) in 1854, William Snyder, 13, died in San Francisco, California, reportedly after a circus clown swung him around by his heels.

Clowns have had a dark and sordid history for quite some time, long before Stephen King's IT and John Wayne Gacy.

One early incident of a an evil clown comes form an Edgar Allan Poe short story called Hop-Frog. The title character, a person with dwarfism taken from his homeland, becomes the jester of a king particularly fond of practical jokes. Taking revenge on the king and his cabinet for the king's striking of his friend and fellow dwarf Trippetta, he dresses the king and his cabinet as orangutans for a masquerade. In front of the king's guests, Hop-Frog murders them all by setting their costumes on fire before escaping with Trippetta.

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Take note of the following written by Andrew Halliday back in 1863:

It is very possible that pantomimic (Clown) performances were practised at feasts or merry-makings among the Jews and ancient Egyptians, and we know that the early Greek drama largely partook of the nature of pantomime; but pantomime as a regularly organized theatrical entertainment was first introduced at Rome in the reign of Augustus. Indeed, that exalted personage is said to have been the inventor of it. It is certain, at any rate, that he patronized it most liberally, and that splendid pantomimes were produced in Rome during his reign. Maecenas, Virgil, Horace, Ovid, and most of the literary men of the day, frequented the theatres to witness them; and in some of their works we have criticisms of the pieces and of the actors who performed in them. There were two great rival pantomimists at this time in Rome, Bathyllus and Pylades. The former was originally a slave in the household of Maecenas; but his master was so delighted with the way in which he used to amuse his guests with mimicry and other antics at table that he gave him his liberty, and procured him an engagement at the theatre. Bathyllus was a grotesque and funny dog, who trode the lighter walks of pantomime; but Pylades was of a serious turn, and excelled in representing stories of a tragical kind. This Pylades actually wrote a treatise on his art, in which he declared that no man could be a good pantomimist (chironomist he was called, from the practice of expressing himself chiefly by the motion of the hand) who did not understand music, geometry, natural and moral philosophy, rhetoric, painting, and sculpture. 'All which the poets have feigned,' wrote Pylades, the clown, 'all which the mythologists have taught, all which the historians have recorded, must ever be present to his recollection.' The pantomimes in those days generally represented the loves or exploits of the gods and goddesses. The skill of the performers seems to have been perfectly wonderful. The snarling old cynic, Demetrius, after witnessing the pantomime of the 'Loves of Mars and Yenus ' (in the time of Nero), said, 'I hear all that you are doing, for it is not only my sight that you address, but your hands appear to 'Speak.' The people of Rome were quite mad at this time about pantomimes and pantomimists. When Nero requested Demetrius to name what gift he desired, the 'old gentleman asked for a pantomimist, and assigned as a reason that he had many neighbours of whose language his own people were ignorant, but that if he were in possession of one of the performers in the pantomime he need not provide himself with interpreters. The Emperor Augustus was extremely partial to the pantomimists. By his command they were exempted from that corporal punishment to which mimics and players were exposed, and they were indulged moreover by a release from certain civil prohibitions. This, however, caused the fraternity to presume upon their privileges. Bathyllus and Pylades became jealous of each other, and their partizans got up rows in the streets, and this caused some of their privileges to be withdrawn. Shortly after this Bathyllus died, and Pylades had the field all to himself, which made him intolerably conceited and overbearing. On one occasion, when a critic hissed him, he stopped in the middle of his performance and pointed the man out to the indignation of the audience. For this he was banished; but the populace soon brought him back again. Another rival to Pylades now appeared in one Hylas, a pupil of the deceased Bathyllus. Pylades and Hylas contended together in the same theatre, and the passages of wit between them, seem to have been exceedingly smart. In trying to represent the character of Agamemnon, in a particular line which termed him 'the great," Hylas stood up on his tiptoes. 'That,' said Pylades, 'is being tall, not great.' The audience called upon him to do it better himself, and when he came to the line he threw himself into an attitude of meditation, thus giving an idea of the first characteristic of a great man. Augustus became alarmed at these disputes, possibly thinking them a little too political, and calculated to excite the populace; but Pylades argued with him, and pointed out the advantage which the emperor gained, as long as the attention of the Romans could be diverted by pantomimes from the consideration of their political subjection. 'Sire,' he said, 'you are ungrateful: the best thing that can happen to you is that they should busy themselves about us.' Pylades was evidently better versed in statecraft than the emperor. Hylas seems to have been a very irritating rival of the old favourite. But he paid the penalty of his provocations at last. A partizan of Pylades caught him one night, and gave him a sound horsewhipping on his own door-step.

In the reign of Tiberius the quarrels of the players grew yet worse. Blood was shed in the theatres, and not only were the lives of some spectators sacrificed in the squabble, but several of the emperor's guards were killed. It was consequently proposed in the senate to subject the pantomimists to corporal punishment; but it was eventually considered disrespectful to the memory of Augustus to repeal his act of exemptions. Regulations, however, were made for reducing the enormous sums which had hitherto been granted for producing pantomimes, and some provisions were made for diminishing the arrogance of the performers. Senators were forbidden to enter their houses. Roman knights were not allowed to follow in their suite, and their exhibitions were prohibited elsewhere than in the theatres. But in the course of a few years the disorders arising from these theatrical performances increased to such a pitch that all the actors were banished from Italy.

They crept back again, however, in the reign of Caligula, and soon acquired all their old licence. Nero found much amusement in their squabbles, and often took part in them. On one occasion, when stones and benches were flying about in the theatre, Nero actively participated in the fray, and broke the praetor's head with a footstool. The pantomimists under this reign were once more the delicise (the delights) of the Romans. Again, however, they were banished; and again they were brought back at the demand of the Roman youth, who could not exist without their pantomimes. Under Domitian their performances became of a very profligate character. The great performer of these days, Paris, was accused of being too intimate with some of the high-blooded dames of Rome. He devised and acted a pantomime called the 'Amour of Leda,' which won great applause, chiefly, it would appear, because it was not very decent. The emperor's wife, Domitia, fell in love with this handsome clown and was divorced in consequence.

The Roman pantomimists were employed at this time not only upon the stage, but to amuse the guests at great houses during dinner. They appeared as carvers, and the flying knife which they brandished was directed with a different movement to each dish. He was considered to know little of his art who could not vary his flourish as he operated upon a hare, or a hen or a lark.

There were amateur pantomimists in those days. Stage-struck Roman youths paid large sums of money to be allowed to play, and their friends seem to have countenanced and supported them. Pliny tells a story of two youthful Romans of equestrian rank who died while exhibiting in the same pantomime. The scandals which arose in consequence of these unseemly proceedings led to the final suppression of the pantomimists by Trajan.

The pantomimes of the Romans were called Fabulae Atellenae, from Atella, the name of a town, where they were first introduced on a small scale. The actors wore masks and high-heeled shoes, furnished with brass or iron heels, which jingled as they danced. Latterly the fabulae were designed to admit of a good deal of horse play and knocking about, and it is not by any means improbable that the actors may have been in the habit of burning each other with red-hot pokers. It is very certain that a kick in a certain place was held to be a very good joke, and was always rapturously applauded. The Fabulae Atellanae and the Chironomists are therefore fairly entitled to be regarded as the first examples of the pantomime and its modern performers—clown, pantaloon, harlequin, and columbine.

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Contents (created on a Windows computer):

Three Inquiries Into the Scriptural Doctrine Concerning the Devil
by Walter Balfour 1842

The biography of Satan, or, A historical exposition of the devil and his fiery dominions : disclosing the oriental origin of the belief in a devil and future endless punishment; also, an explanation of the pagan origin of the scriptural terms, bottomless pit, lake of fire and brimstone, chains of darkness, casting out devils, worm that never dieth, etc.  by Kersey Graves 1924

Satan Absolved: A Victorian Mystery by Wilfrid Scawen Blunt - 1899

THE POSSESSED (The Devils) A NOVEL IN THREE PARTS BY FYODOR DOSTOEVSKY

The Devil is an Ass (1905) Ben Johnson

Lucifer: A Theological Tragedy by George Santayana 1899

Studies in Occultism: A Series of Reprints from the Writings of H. P. Blavatsky 1910

The case of Saul, Shewing that his Disorder was a Real Spiritual Possession by Granville Sharp 1807

Gods and Devils of Mankind by Frank Stockton Dobbins 1897

Infernal Conference: Or, Dialogues of Devils by The Listener 1835

Demonology - The Scripture Doctrine of Devils 1856 by Joseph Young

Elizabethan Demonology: An Essay in Illustration of the Belief in the Existence of Devils by Thomas Spaulding 1880

All about Devils: Or, An Inquiry as to Whether Modern Spiritualism and Other Great Reforms Emanate from his Satanic Majesty by Moses Hull 1902

Satan's diary by L Andreyev 1920

Satan, his Origin, Work, and destiny by Carlyle Boynton Haynes 1920 (many illustrations)

The Devil: his Origin, Greatness, and Decadence by Albert Reville 1877

Devil Stories - an Anthology by M Rudwin 1921 (The devil in a nunnery, The marriage of the devil, The devil and Tom Walker, From the memoirs of Satan, The devil's wager, The printer's devil, The devil's mother-in-law, The three low masses, Devil-puzzlers, The devil's round, The demon pope, Madam Lucifer, Lucifer, The Devil, The devil and the old man)

The New Testament of Our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ as Revised and Corrected by The Spirits, by Leonard Thorn 1861

Satan as a Moral Philosopher by CS Henry 1877

The Bible history of Satan. Is he a fallen angel? 1858

Description of Satan's court -  Satan makes a speech, giving the result of 6000 years' study of man; exults at his success by WB Harris 1884

History of the Fallen Angels of the Scriptures -Proofs of the being of Satan and of evil spirits by Josiah Priest 1839

An Attempt to Prove that the Opinion Concerning the Devil as a Fallen Angel hath No Real Foundation in Scripture by William Ashdowne 1794

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Babylonian Influence on the Bible and Popular Beliefs - A Study of Genesis 1 and 2 by Abram Smythe Palmer 1897

Devil Worship - the Sacred Books and Traditions of the Yezidiz by Joseph Isya 1919

The God of this World - The Devil in history by Hollis Read 1875

Luciferianism or Satanism in English Freemasonry Volume 1 by Leon Fouquet 1898

Luciferianism or Satanism in English Freemasonry Volume 2 by Leon Fouquet 1898

The Autobiography of Satan, edited by John Beard 1872

The Believer's Victory over Satan's Devices by William Parson 1876

Diabolology - The person and kingdom of Satan by Ed Jewett 1889

The Fall of Lucifer - The Origin of Evil by ET Smets 1896

Satan's Guile and Satan's Wiles by E Lloyd Jones 1882

The History of the Devil by Daniel Defoe by 1727

The Life and Labors of the Devil by TT Johnson 1892

Foot Prints of Satan: Pope and Jesuits Against Bible by JG White 1874

The Passing of Satan, Death and Hell by Andrew Rogers 1903

The Book of the Damned by Charles Fort 1919

The Book of Adam and Eve: Also Called the Conflict of Adam and Eve with Satan by Solomon Caesar Malan 1882

Resuscitated - a Dream or Vision of the existence after Death. The soul before Satan and Lucifer, or the modernized Hades. Discourse of Lucifer on national, social, religious and scientific topics, principally about the United States of America by 1883

Devil reveals Himself - The Devil in his own defence by Richard Orme 1894

The Secret Doctrine; the Synthesis of Science, Religion and Philosophy by Helen Blavatsky Volume 2 1888 (has sections on "Satanic Myths" and "Holy Satan"

The Origin of Sin, and Dotted words in the Hebrew Bible by E Gibbes 1893

The Origin of Sin and its Relations to God and the Universe by E Cook 1899

Spiritism, the Modern Satanism by Thomas Francis Coakley 1920

Modern Diabolism commonly called Modern Spiritualism by MJ Williamson 1873

La Bas (DOWN THERE. also known as The Damned) by Joris-Karl Huysmans (Huysmans' most famous work, Là-Bas deals with the subject of Satanism in contemporary France, and the novel stirred a certain amount of controversy on its first appearance.)

The Satanism of Huysmans, article in The Open Court, 1920

Proofs of Spirit Forces by G Henslow 1920

Proofs of the Spirit World by Agnes Gray 1920

Devils, Drugs, and Doctors - the story of the Science of Healing from Medicine Men to Doctor by Howard Haggard 1913
The Devil Worshipper by Frederick A. Ray 1908

Primitive Christianity and Its Corruptions: Discourses by Adin Ballou - 1870
"What, then, is there unreasonable, or incredible, in
the primitive Christian doctrine concerning demons,
a prince of demons, possession, and exorcism?
It is felt and said that this entire demonology is
inherently repulsive and abhorrent to the moral
reason, as well as derogatory to the character of a
perfectly good, wise, and powerful God. Answer.
Why is it any more so than the existence and wickedness
of similar evil beings in this mortal state?"

Satan: His Personality, Power and Overthrow
by Edward McKendree Bounds 1922

The Devil in Britain and America by John Ashton 1896
(Purports to have a "facsimile of the only known specimen of the devil's handwriting)

The History of the Devil and the Idea of Evil
by Paul Carus - 1899

War with Devils: Ministration Of, and Communion with Angels
by Isaac Ambrose 1769

Demoniality; Or, Incubi and Succubi
by Ludovico Maria Sinistrari  1879

A View of the Scripture Revelations Respecting Good and Evil Angels
by Richard Whately - Spirits - 1856

THE DEVIL'S DICTIONARY by AMBROSE BIERCE

The Phantom World: Or, The Philosophy of Spirits, Apparitions
by Augustin Calmet 1850 (first 361 pages only)

Letters to the Rev. William E. Channing, D.D., on the Existence and Agency of Fallen Spirits
by Canonicus, William Ellery Channing 1828

Principalities and Powers in Heavenly Places
by Charlotte Elizabeth 1848

The Existence of Evil Spirits Proved
by Walter Scott  1843

An Essay on Evil Spirits; Or, Reasons to Prove Their Existence
by William Carlisle 1825

Elizabethan Demonology: An Essay in Illustration of the Belief in Devils
by Thomas Alfred Spalding 1880 (Page x is damaged)

Satans Invisible World Discovered
by George Sinclair 1872

Demon Possession and Allied Themes: Being an Inductive Study of Phenomena of our own Times
by John Livingston Nevius 1896

The Pedigree of the Devil by Frederic Thomas Hall 1883

The Holy Spirit and Other Spirits
by Daniel Otis Teasley 1904 (missing several pages)

An Essay on Demonology, Ghosts and Apparitions, and Popular Superstitions
by James Thacher 1831

A Safe View of Spiritism for Catholics
by Joseph C. Sasia 1920

Daemonologia Sacra: Or, A Treatise of Satan's Temptations by Richard Gilpin, Alexander Balloch Grosart - 1867 - 470 pages

Demonology and Devil-lore by Moncure Daniel Conway - 1879

Satan In Society  by Nicholas Francis Cooke M.D., L.L.D 1890
Discusses how Satan is prevalent in Society due to Infidels, Onanists (masturbators) and Abortions...and all this in 1890.

SATAN By LEWIS SPERRY CHAFER 1909 (searchable pdf)
Contents
Foreword, by Dr. C. I. Scofield
   I. The Career of Satan
  II. The Ages
 III. The Course of This Age
  IV. This Age and the Satanic System
   V. The Satanic Host
  VI. Satan's Motive
 VII. Satan's Methods
VIII. The Man of Sin
  IX. The Fatal Omission
   X. Modern Devices
  XI. The Believer's Present Position
 XII. The Believer's Present Victory

THE TRUE LEGEND OF ST. DUNSTAN AND THE DEVIL (searchable pdf)
Showing How the Horse-Shoe Came to Be a Charm against Witchcraft by EDWARD G. FLIGHT.
1871

A STORY OF SEVEN DEVILS by Frank R. Stockton (searchable pdf)

THE DEVIL AND TOM WALKER by Washington Irving (searchable pdf)

The Witchcraft Delusion in Colonial Connecticut, 1647-1697 by John Metcalf Taylor - 1908 - 170 page

Salem Witchcraft: With an Account of Salem Village, and a History of Opinion of Witchcraft Kindred Subjects by Charles Wentworth Upham - 1867

The Witchcraft Delusion in New England: Its Rise, Progress, and Termination by Cotton Mather, Robert Calef - 1866

Letters on Demonology and Witchcraft by Walter Scott, Henry Morley - 1898 - 310 pages

Narratives of the Witchcraft Cases, 1648-1706 by George Lincoln Burr - 1914 - 460 pages

The Psychology of the Salem Witchcraft Excitement of 1692 by George Miller Beard - 1882 - 109 pages

Irish Witchcraft and Demonology by St. John Drelincourt Seymour - 1913 - 245 pages

The Attitude of the Catholic Church Towards Witchcraft and the Allied Practises by Antoinette Marie Pratt - 1915 - 130 pages

The Superstitions of Witchcraft by Howard Williams - 270 pages

A History of Witchcraft in England from 1558 to 1718 by Wallace Notestein - 1911 - 435 pages

An History of Magic, Witchcraft, and Animal Magnetism by John C. Colquhoun - 1851

A Collection of Rare and Curious Tracts on Witchcraft and the Second Sight by David Webster - 1820 - 180 pages

Cotton Mather and Salem Witchcraft by William Frederick Poole - 1869
 
Hypnotism, Mesmerism and the New Witchcraft by Ernest Abraham Hart - 1896 - 208 pages

Fallacy of Ghosts, Dreams, and Omens: With Stories of Witchcraft and Monomania by Charles Ollier - 1848 - 245 pages

Mysteries, Or, Glimpses of the Supernatural, Containing Accounts by Charles Wyllys Elliott - 1852 - 265 pages

Faith-healing: Christian Science and Kindred Phenomena - Page 218
by James Monroe Buckley- 1892 - 303 pages DOES THE BIBLE TEACH THE REALITY OF WITCHCRAFT?

Demonology and Devil-lore by Moncure Daniel Conway - 1879

The Devils and Evil Spirits of Babylonia: Being Babylonian and Assyrian Incantations against the Demons Ghouls Vampires Hobgoblins Ghosts and Kindred Evil Spirits which Attack Mankind by Reginald Campbell Thompson - 1903

War with Devils: Ministration Of, and Communion with Angels by Isaac Ambrose - 1769 - 361 pages

Spirit Rapping Unveiled!: An Exposé of the Origin, History, Theology
by Hiram Mattison - 1855 - 230 pages
Witches and Wizards of the Bible—Origin of Witchcraft—Witches ani Wizards—Necromancers
and Soothsayers—Astrologers and Magicians— Modern Fortune-tellers

Lives of the Necromancers: Or, An Account of the Most Eminent Persons
by William Godwin - 1834 - 460 pages
"THE oldest and most authentic record from which we can derive our ideas on the
subject of necromancy and witchcraft, unquestionably is the Bible."

An Essay on Demonology, Ghosts and Apparitions, and Popular Superstitions by James Thacher - 1831 - 230 pages

Critical Studies in St. Luke's Gospel: Its Demonology and Ebionitism
by Colin Campbell - 1891 - 310 pages

Antiquity Unveiled: Ancient Voices from the the Spirit Realms Disclose the Most Startling Revelations Proving Christianity to be of Heathen Origin by Jonathan Roberts - 1894 - 600 pages

The Bible Devil, a Modern Interpretation By Henry Richard Bender 1917

The Autobiography of Satan by John Beard 1872

The Biography of Satan by Kersey Graves

The Dragon, Image, and Demon by Hampden Du Bose 1886

The Evil eye, Thanatology, and other Essays by Roswell Park 1912

The worship of the serpent by John B Deane 1833

Serpent Worship, from the Encyclopedia of Religion and Ethics by James Hastings 1922

A Personal Devil, article in The Unitarian review 1890

The Political History of the devil by Daniel Defoe 1726

The Origin, the nature, the kingdom, the works, and the destiny of the Devil by WA Jarrel 1892

A Dictionary of Miracles, imitative, realistic, and dogmatic by Ebenezer C Brewer 1884 (the devil(s) is mentioned nearly 900 times, Satan over 100 times)

Devil Tales by Virginia Frazer Boyle 1900

The Reign of the Evil One by CF Ramuz 1922

Does the Lord's Prayer Mention the Devil, article in Bibliotheca sacra 1891

Christ and other masters (has a section called "Doctrine of the Evil One) by Charles Hardwick 1859

Priests and philosophers (Personality of the Evil One) by William Gresley 1873

Legends of Old Testament characters by S. Baring-Gould 1871

Semitic Magic by RC Thompson 1908

Spiritism and the cult of the dead in antiquity by Lewis Bayles Paton - 1921

The Classic of Spiritism by Lucy Milburn 1922

The Sacred Book of Death: Hindu Spiritism, Soul Transition and Soul Reincarnation 1905 by DR LW Delaurance

Spiritism - the origin of all religions by JP Dameron 1885

The Serpent in Genesis, article in the Unitarian Review 1891

The Rise and Progress of the Serpent from the Garden of Eden to the Present by Mary M. Dyer 1847 (Shakerism)

The Serpent of Eden: a philological and critical essay on the text of Genesis 3 and its various interpretations by Jose P. Val d'Eremao 1888

The World's Sixteen Crucified Saviors by Kersey Graves (Chapter 3 - Prophecies by the Figure of a Serpent) 1919

The Devil Satan said to be of Persian Origin, article in Current opinion 1888

The Existence and Fall of Satan and his Angels, article in the Methodist magazine and quarterly review 1838

The Devil by Charles Carroll Everett, article in The Thinker 1895

Plus you get the following books on the Devil in Literature

The Supernatural in Modern English Fiction by Dorothy Scarborough 1917

The Supernatural in Romantic Fiction by Edward Yardley 1880

A Drama of Exile and other poems, Volume 1, by Elizabeth Barrett Browning 1845

A Drama of Exile and other poems, Volume 2, by Elizabeth Barrett Browning 1845

A House of Pomegranates by Oscar Wilde (The Fisherman and his Soul) 1918

The Talisman by Sir Walter Scott 1876

They that Walk in Darkness by Israel Zangwill 1899 (the devil here appears as Satan Mekatrig)

The Man in Black by Stanley Weyman 1894

Great short stories (Ghost Stories, contains "Thrawn Janet" by RL Stevenson) 1909

War Letters from the Living Dead Man by Elsa Barker 1915

Melmoth the Wanderer, Volume 1 by Charles Robert Maturin 1820 (uncle of Jane Wilde, Oscar Wilde's mother)

Melmoth the Wanderer, Volume 2 by Charles Robert Maturin 1820

Melmoth the Wanderer, Volume 3 by Charles Robert Maturin 1820

Melmoth the Wanderer, Volume 4 by Charles Robert Maturin 1820 (The central character, Melmoth, is a scholar who sells his soul to the devil in exchange for 150 extra years of life; he spends that time searching for someone who will take over the pact for him.)

The Countess Eve by JH Shorthouse 1893 (here the devil appears differently to each tempted soul)

The Devil by Ferenc Molnár, 1908

The Sin-Eater by Fiona Macleod 1895

The Great God Pan by Arthur Machen 1894 (Stephen King calls this book "maybe the best [horror] story in the English language)

The House of Souls by Arthur Machen 1906

The Tales and Poems of Edgar Allan Poe, Volume 1 (1800's)

The Tales and Poems of Edgar Allan Poe, Volume 2 (The Devil in the Belfry) (1800's)

The Tales and Poems of Edgar Allan Poe, Volume 3 (Never Bet the Devil Your Head) (1800's)

The Tales and Poems of Edgar Allan Poe, Volume 3 (1800's)

Eugene Field, an auto-analysis - How one friar met the Devil and two pursued him 1901

The Holy Cross and Other Tales by Eugene Field (Daniel and the Devil) 1899

Septimius Felton by Nathaniel Hawthorne 1871 (Felton makes a deal with the devil to secure the elixir of life)

Lovers in heaven by Julian Hawthorne 1905 (Dead man meets the devil in the afterlife and find the devil looks like him)

Heroes and Heroines of Fiction - Famous characters and famous names in novels, romances, poems and dramas, classified, analyzed and criticised, with supplementary citations from the best authorities by William S Walsh 1914

Rídan the Devil by Louise Becke 1899

Seven legends by Gottfried Keller 1911 (The Virgin and the devil)

The Revolt of the Angels by Anatole France 1914 (full of metaphysical mockery on the one hand and a portrayal of Satan as seeker of mysteries on the other.)

The Home of the Seven Devils by Horace Newte 1913

The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus by Christoper Marlowe 1897

Vondel's Lucifer, by Joost von den Vondel 1604

The Marriage of Heaven and Hell by William Blake 1906

The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner by James Hogg 1824 (simultaneously infers a pseudo-Christian world of angels, devils, and demonic possession.)

Devil Stories - an Anthology by MJ Rudwin 1921 [19 tales] (Contains: The Devil in a Nunnery by F.O. Mann. Belphagor; or, The marriage of the devil by N. Machiavelli. The Devil and Tom Walker by W. Irving. From the memoirs of Satan by W. Hauff. St. John's eve by N.V. Gógol. The Devil's wager by W.M. Thackeray. The Painter's bargain by W.M. Thackeray. Bon-Bon by E.A. Poe. The Printer's devil. The Devil's mother-in-law by Fernan Caballero. The Generous Gambler by Charles Baudelaire. The 3 Low Masses by A. Duadet. Devil-Puzzlers by F. Perkins. The Devil's Round by Charles Deulin. The Legend of Mont St. Michel by Guy de Maupassant. The Demon Pope by Richard Garnett. Madam Lucifer by Richard Garnett. Lucifer by Anatole France. The Devil by Maxim Gorky. The Devil and the Old Man by John Masefield.

Pierce Penniless's supplication to the Devil by Thomas Nashe 1592

The Three Devils: Luther's, Milton's, and Goethe's by David Masson 1874

Paradise Lost by John Milton 1910

The Temptation of Saint Anthony by Gustave Flaubert 1910

The Sorrows of Satan by Marie Corelli 1896

Faust by Goethe 1908

Mr. Faust by Arthur Ficke

Faust's Death by Carl Moelling 1865

The Faust Legend And Goethes faust by HB Cotterill 1912

Flowers of Evil by Charles Baudelaire 1909

Asmodeus at Large by Edward Bulwer Lytton 1833

The Wonderful Visit by HG Wells 1914

Dante's Inferno 1888

The Devil's Case by RW Buchanan 1896

Satanism and Witchcraft, alternatively titled La Sorcière: The Witch in the Middle Ages by Jules Michelet 1863

The Tragedy of Man by Imre Madách 1908 (famous Hungarian play featuring Adam, Eve and Lucifer)

The Devil's Disciple by George Bernard Shaw 1901

The Mysterious Stranger by Mark Twain 1922
 gdixierose

The Philosophy & Study of EVIL, 100 Books to Download [Theodicy]

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Contents (created on a Windows computer):

The Problem of Evil: A Criticism of the Augustinian Point of View
by Marion Le Roy Burton 1909

God the creator of both evil and good by Henry Pinson 1883

The Problem of Evil by Ames Castle Pennock 1877

Love Supreme by Arthur Crane 1918 (chapter 5: The Origin of Evil)

Moral Evil - its nature and origin by LB Wilkes 1892

The Meaning of Good by G Lowes Dickinson 1902

Success of Evil - Elements of success in the kingdom of Evil by AS Kedzie 1873

The Rise and the Fall - The Origin of Moral Evil 1866

The Theory of a Personal Devil by William R Alger 1861

The History and Philosophy of Evil by Andrew Jackson Davis

The Problem of Evil by Peter Green 1920

The Science of Evil by Joel Moody 1871

Thoughts on good and Evil by William Smith 1875

The Gordian Knot - a story of Good and of Evil by Shirley Brooks 1860

First Principles by John Durward 1856

The History of the Devil and the idea of Evil by Paul Carus 1899

Food for Thinking Christians - why evil was permitted and kindred topics by Zions Watchtower 1881

The Witness of Sin, a Theodicy by Nathan Wood 1905

The Fallen Star - The History of a False Religion by Edward Bulwer Lytton 1915

The Ministry of Evil by Charles Watson Millen 1913

God in history in nature and in war by George Jeffs 1918

Good and Evil - a study in Biblical Theology by Loring W Batten 1918

Beyond Good and Evil by Nietzsche 1911

The Religious Conception of the World (section on the Problem of Evil) by Arthur K Rogers 1907

Guide to the knowledge of God - A Study of the Chief Theodicies by A Gratry 1892

A History of the Problems of Philosophy, Volume 1, 1902

A History of the Problems of Philosophy, Volume 1, 1902

Current Discussions in Theology, Volume 1, 1883

Current Discussions in Theology, Volume 2, 1883

Current Discussions in Theology, Volume 3, 1883

Current Discussions in Theology, Volume 4, 1883

Current Discussions in Theology, Volume 5, 1883

Current Discussions in Theology, Volume 6, 1883

Current Discussions in Theology, Volume 7, 1883

Gods and Devils of Mankind by Frank Dobbins 1897

Satan, his Origin, Work, and destiny by Carlyle Boynton Haynes 1920 (many illustrations)

The Devil: his Origin, Greatness, and Decadence by Albert Reville 1877

The Bible history of Satan. Is he a fallen angel? 1858

The God of this World - The Devil in history by Hollis Read 1875

The Fall of Lucifer - The Origin of Evil by ET Smets 1896

The Life and Labors of the Devil by TT Johnson 1892

The Origin of Sin, and Dotted words in the Hebrew Bible by E Gibbes 1893

The Origin of Sin and its Relations to God and the Universe by E Cook 1899

The Origin, the nature, the kingdom, the works, and the destiny of the Devil by WA Jarrel 1892

The Existence and Fall of Satan and his Angels, article in the Methodist magazine and quarterly review 1838

The Devil by Charles Carroll Everett, article in The Thinker 1895

A Personal Devil, article in The Unitarian review 1890

On the Duration of Evil 1855

The Autobiography of Satan by John Beard 1872

The Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil by Joshua H M'Ilvaine 1847

Theodicy; essays on divine providence by Antonio Rosmini Volume 1 1912

Theodicy; essays on divine providence by Antonio Rosmini Volume 2 1912

The Justification of God: Lectures for war-time on a Christian theodicy by Peter Forsyth 1917

The Crook in the Lot, or, A display of the Sovereignty and Wisdom of God in the Afflictions of men, and the Christian's deportment under them by Thomas Boston 1848

The God that Jesus Saw by WG Horder 1921

Theodicy in The National Magazine 1855

The Problem of Evil (Article) in the Young Men's Christian Magazine 1877

The philosophical works of Leibnitz 1890

Three essays on religion by John Stuart Mill 1874

David Hume, Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion

A Theodicy by Albert Bledsoe 1854

Immortality and the new theodicy by George Gordon 1897

The Science of Natural Theology by Asa Mahan 1867

The Problem of Evil by R. Hastings 1912

The Problem of Evil in Plotinus by B.A.G. Fuller 1912

History of the Problems of Philosophy Volume 1 by Paul Janet 1902

History of the Problems of Philosophy Volume 2 by Paul Janet 1902

Optimism and Pessimism or, The Problem of Evil 1871 by Jacob Frohschammer

The Problem of Evil: An Introduction to the Practical Sciences
by Daniel Greenleaf Thompson 1887

Moral Uses of Dark Things
by Horace Bushnell - 1880

Does God Send Trouble?: An Earnest Effort to Discern Between Christian Tradition and Truth
by Charles Cuthbert Hall 1894

An Essay on the Origin of Evil
by William King 1781

The Problem of Evil: Seven Lectures
by Ernest Naville 1871

Is the Devil a Myth?
by Charles Franklin Wimberly 1913

Daemonologia Sacra: Or, A Treatise of Satan's Temptations
by Richard Gilpin 1677

Theodicy - Essays on the Goodness of God the Freedom of Man and the Origin of Evil - G.W. LEIBNIZ (searchable PDF)

Evil & Evolution: An Attempt to Turn the Light of Modern Science on to the Ancient Mystery of Evil
by George Francis Millin  1896

Good and Evil: A Study in Biblical Theology
by Loring Woart Batten - Good and evil - 1918

The Origin of Evil, and Other Sermons Preached in St. Peter's, Cranley Gardens by Alfred Williams Momerie 1885

The Nature of Goodness (first 258 pages)
by George Herbert Palmer 1903

The Theory of Good and Evil: A Treatise on Moral Philosophy
by Hastings Rashdall 1907

Studies of Good and Evil: A Series of Essays Upon Problems of Philosophy and of Life by Josiah Royce 1898

The Conflict of Good and Evil in Our Day: Twelve Letters to a Missionary
by Frederick Denison Maurice 1865

A Modern Job: An Essay on the Problem of Evil
by Etienne Giran, Alfred Leslie Lilley 1916

Life's Dark Problems: Or, is this a Good World?
by Minot Judson Savage 1905

Man's Responsibility: Or, How and Why, the Almighty Introduced Evil Upon the Earth
by Thomas G. Carson  1905

The Problem of Evil: An Introduction to the Practical Sciences
by Daniel Greenleaf Thompson 1887

The Mystery: Or, Evil and God
by John Young 1856

The Anti-universalist: Or History of the Fallen Angels of the Scriptures, Proofs of the Being of Satan and of Evil Spirits
by Josiah Priest 1837

The Gospel for a World of Sin
by Henry Van Dyke 1899

The Nature of Evil: Considered in a Letter to the Rev. Edward Beecher by Henry James 1855

The Goodness of God in View of the Facts of Nature and the Supernatural by George Thomson Knight 1904

Whatever Is, is Right
by Asaph Bemis Child 1861

An Examination of the Notion of Moral Good and Evil
by John Clarke 1725

Beneficence of Design in the Problem of Evil 1849

The Great Exorcism
by Arthur Crane 1915

An Inquiry Into the Scriptural Doctrine Concerning the Devil and Satan by Walter Balfour 1827

The Book of Adam and Eve: Also Called the Conflict of Adam and Eve with Satan by Solomon Caesar Malan 1882

Satan as a Moral Philosopher: With Other Essays and Sketches
by Caleb Sprague Henry - 1877
 
Paradise Lost: A Poem in Twelve Books
by John Milton - 1750

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